In recent years, more and more people have embraced meal replacement shakes for weight loss. The reason behind this is quite simple: a high-quality meal replacement shake offers the benefits of a full meal while containing fewer calories. It can also curb your appetite, and it's incredibly easy to prepare.

In this article, we will explore the best meal replacement shakes available and highlight the crucial factors to consider when selecting a shake. By examining things like nutritional content, ingredient quality, and taste, we hope to guide you toward the best options available as you embark on your weight loss journey.

1. Instant Knockout Complete - Best Meal Replacement Shake Overall

2. LYFEfuel Nutritional Shake - Best for Nutrition

3. Transparent Labs Meal Replacement Powders - Best Fat-Burning Meal Replacement Shake

4. Organifi Plant Protein - Best Money-Back Guarantee

5. Kachava Whole Body Meal - Best for Superfoods

6. Fit and Lean Meal Shake - Best Gluten-Free Formula

7. Vega One Organic - Best Vegan Meal Replacement Shake

8. Exante Diet Meal Shakes - Best for Dairy and Non-Dairy Options

Best Meal Replacement Shakes for Weight Loss

Instant Knockout Complete

Best Meal Replacement Shake Overall

Instant Knockout Complete is one of the best meal replacement shakes that you can find. If you want to lose weight and burn fat quickly without sacrificing nutrition, this is the product for you.

This replacement meal shake includes a blend of natural ingredients with 26 essential vitamins and minerals. Together, they can help you burn fat and achieve your weight loss goals.

Brand Overview

Roar Ambition is the sports nutrition company behind Instant Knockout Complete. The company uses all-natural, high-quality ingredients to produce its meal replacement supplements and other products.

Key Ingredients and Their Benefits

Instant Knockout Complete contains 400 calories per serving. This includes 35 grams of carbohydrates, 13 grams of fiber, 35 grams of protein, and 26 vitamins and minerals.

Roar Ambition spent five years developing and refining this meal-replacement drink. The final product includes several scientifically-backed ingredients, such as:

• Pea and Soy Protein - The majority of this shake's protein content comes from peas and soy. You can also get added protein from the flaxseed, oat flour, and organic brown rice found in the formula.

• Golden Flaxseed - Flaxseed is a great source of omega-3 fatty acids and fiber. High-fiber foods are highly satiating, which means they make you feel fuller for longer.

• MCT Oils - Medium-chain triglyceride is a healthy fat that can boost your metabolic rate. The MCT oil in this product comes from coconut oil, which is known for its many health benefits.

• Oat flour - The carbohydrates in Instant Knockout come from oat flour. This is a great choice for weight management due to its relatively low GI score and high fiber content. It can be easily digested and controls energy release. This can help you avoid sugar crashes that can affect hunger between meals.

• Chia seeds - Chia seeds are also a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. They are high in fiber and protein. Chia seeds also contain high levels of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus and remain low in calories.

Effectiveness Based on User Reviews

Users have found that Instant Knockout Complete utilizes a unique formula that accelerates weight loss. The shake is carefully formulated with a combination of ingredients that promote satiety, helping to curb cravings and reduce overall calorie intake.

Price and Flavor Options

At this time, this replacement meal shake only comes in one flavor, vanilla. It costs $118.00 for a one-month supply, with several bulk-buy discounts for this shake or the shake and weight loss supplement combo. There's also a 30-day money-back guarantee for U.S. residents.

Pros

• Helps you to drop weight and burn fat fast

• Provides you with 35 grams of protein and 26 essential vitamins and minerals

• Only 400 calories per serving

Cons

• Comes in one flavor only

LYFEfuel Nutritional Shake

Best for Nutrition

The Nutritional Shake from LYFEfuel is equivalent to using nine products. It's like your protein shake, multivitamin, probiotic, greens, and superfood supplements together in one potent formula.

This meal replacement shake is also low in calories and carbs, making it an excellent option for people following a keto diet who are looking to reduce weight. It provides a perfect balance of whole food nutrients that most modern diets lack.

Brand Overview

LYFEfuel is a vegan brand that offers a wide range of plant-based shakes and meal bars. The "LYFE" in LYFEfuel is an acronym that stands for "Live Your Fullest Everyday." The company takes a holistic approach to wellness and uses only plant-based whole foods in its products.

Key Ingredients and Their Benefits

The LYFEfuel Nutritional Shake contains 110 calories per serving. It includes 5 grams of carbohydrates,1 gram of fiber, 18 grams of protein, and 27 essential vitamins and minerals. The main ingredients for weight loss include:

• Pea and Brown Rice Protein - Yellow pea protein is high in iron, potassium, and magnesium. These essential minerals play an integral role when it comes to maintaining your overall health. They also help to build and preserve lean muscles. Meanwhile, brown rice protein has been shown to modify triglyceride metabolism. This can lead to an improvement in body weight and reduce the accumulation of fatty tissue in the body.

• Sugar Beet (Palatinose) - Sugar beets contain palatinose that can support your metabolic health and aid in weight loss.

• Flaxseed - This is a good source of fiber that helps to curb hunger. It keeps you feeling full which stops you from overeating.

Other ingredients that may help with weight loss include:

• Parsley - Helps with digestion

• Collard greens - Good source of dietary fiber

• Chlorella - Improves digestion

• Kelp - Supports a healthy metabolism

• Tart cherry - Aids in weight management

• Tapioca Prebiotic (Oligosmart) - Improves gut health

• Lipase - Breaks down fat in the body

• Lactobacillus Plantarum - A strain of gut-boosting bacteria

• Lactobacillus Rhamnosus - Maintains the integrity of the gut barrier

• Bifidobacterium Breve - Balances gut bacteria

Effectiveness Based on User Reviews

The customer reviews surrounding LYFEfuel products are generally positive. Many past users of the Essentials Shake experienced weight loss while using it.

Price and Flavor Options

LYFEfuel Nutritional Shake is available in 2 delicious flavors. You can choose from the rich chocolate or creamy vanilla flavor. Buying options include a one-time purchase for $74 or a subscribe and save option for $60. Regardless of which option you choose, all purchases are backed by LYFEfuel's money-back satisfaction guarantee, unlike other meal replacement shake companies.

Pros

• All-in-one complete meal shakes for weight loss

• Only 110 calories per serving

• Money back guarantee

Cons

• Slightly pricey

Transparent Labs Meal Replacement Powders

Best Fat-Burning Meal Replacement Shake

Transparent Labs offers dozens of products, and their protein meal replacement powders are some of the best on the market. Unlike your typical meal replacement shake, these can help you to achieve specific fitness goals like cutting fat and building lean muscle tissues.

Brand Overview

As the name suggests, Transparent Labs has one goal in mind: to be 100% transparent when it comes to the ingredients used in its products. The brand promises to provide meal replacement shakes containing evidence-based formulas driven by science. Also, all of the products are tested by third parties for quality and purity.

Key Ingredients and Their Benefits

Transparent Labs offers two types of protein meal replacement powders: whey protein isolate and vegan protein. Below are the key ingredients and benefits of each.

• Transparent Labs Whey Protein Isolate:

This meal replacement powder is made from grass-fed milk protein and is free from artificial sweeteners, food dyes, and preservatives. It contains 28 grams of grass-fed whey protein isolate, 3 grams of carbohydrates, 1 gram of sugars, and 0 grams of fat.

• Transparent Labs Organic Vegan:

If you're vegan, you can try Transparent Labs Organic Vegan protein shake. It is made from plant-based pea and rice protein, which can help improve your body weight, reduce fatty tissues in the body, and build lean muscle. Each serving of this protein powder contains 24 grams of protein, 2 grams of fat, 2 grams of sugar, and 3 grams of carbs.

Effectiveness Based on User Reviews

Transparent Labs products receive mostly positive reviews from customers. They praise the high-quality ingredients and the trustworthy transparency of the company. Many of them also note their appreciation for the clean label design.

Price and Flavor Options

The Transparent Labs Whey Protein Isolate comes in various flavors. These include chocolate peanut butter, milk chocolate, french vanilla, strawberry, mocha, vanilla peanut butter, cinnamon french toast, and oatmeal chocolate chip cookie. There is also an unflavored option available. Buying options include a one-time purchase for $59.99 and a subscribe and save option for $53.99.

The Transparent Labs Organic Vegan protein powder only comes in two flavors: chocolate and vanilla. Buying options include a one-time purchase for $49.99 and a subscribe and save option for $43.99.

Pros

• Scientifically-backed formulas

• 100% transparent ingredient list

• Third-party tested

Cons

• Some customers don't like the taste despite the many flavor options

Organifi Plant Protein

Best Money-Back Guarantee

If you're looking for a low-calorie meal replacement, try Organifi Plant Protein. It is the ideal meal replacement shake with 100% all-natural, vegan-friendly ingredients that curb hunger and keep you feeling full and satisfied all day long.

Brand Overview

Organifi's primary goal is to promote a healthier lifestyle for all, and its lineup of high-quality products reflects that. All of the ingredients in these products are non-GMO, gluten-free, and USDA-certified organic.

Key Ingredients and Their Benefits

• Pea Protein - Pea protein can lower ghrelin, the appetite-increasing hormone that makes you hungry, and also boosts cholecystokinin, the hormone that makes you feel full and curb cravings.

• Pumpkin Seeds - These seeds provide antioxidants, healthy fats, and protein.

• Quinoa - This ingredient provides various micronutrients, including magnesium, phosphorous, and folate.

• Flax Seeds - These seeds are packed full of fiber, which is great for your digestive health.

• Acacia - This extract promotes good gut bacteria.

Effectiveness Based on User Reviews

Organifi Plant Protein has good reviews from past customers. They liked that it included a wide range of vitamins and nutrients. Many have also noted that it tastes good, which is not true of every meal replacement shake on the market.

Price and Flavor Options

Organifi Complete Protein shake can be bought as a one-time purchase for $79.95 or using the subscribe and save option for $71.95. Organifi also offers a 60-day money-back guarantee. It is available in 2 flavor options: vanilla and chocolate.

Pros

• Controls cravings and keeps you feeling full longer

• Non-GMO, gluten-free, and USDA-certified organic

• 60-day money-back guarantee

Cons

• It only comes in 2 flavors

Kachava Whole Body Meal

Best for Superfoods

Kachava is another good meal replacement shake that can help with weight loss. It contains over 70 plant-based foods and micronutrients to create a well-balanced meal shake. The high protein and fiber content keeps you full for hours and allows you to lower your caloric intake.

Brand Overview

Kachava is relatively new to the supplement scene. However, the company has quickly established itself as a go-to choice for meal replacement shakes. They aim to provide full-spectrum nutritional products that only use naturally-sourced ingredients.

Key Ingredients and Their Benefits

Even though this is not a meal replacement shake for weight loss specifically, it's only 240 calories per shake. It includes 25 grams of protein, 9 grams of fiber, and a blend of probiotics.

The ingredient list is quite extensive since it contains over 70 natural ingredients. Here are a few:

• Plant Protein Blend - This includes sacha inchi, yellow pea, organic brown rice, amaranth, and quinoa. These all help with weight reduction and management.

• Adaptogen Blend - Organic maca root, ginger, shiitake mushrooms, and other types of mushrooms are part of a group of plants called adaptogens. They can help your body recover from physical, mental, and environmental stressors.

• Antioxidant and Super Fruit Blends - Coconut flower nectar, acai berry, camu camu berry, blueberry, and other fruits neutralize free radicals that may contribute to oxidative stress.

• Omega EFA and Fiber Blend - This blend includes chia seeds, flax seeds, whole-grain oat, and acacia gum. Chia and flax seeds provide omega-3s, while oats and acacia have a high fiber content to keep you full. Fiber also supports a healthy gut and healthy blood sugar levels.

• Super Greens and Vegetable Blend - Organic beetroot, chlorella, moringa, kale, broccoli, and others are also good sources of fiber.

Effectiveness Based on User Reviews

Kachava Whole Body Meal has raving reviews that are posted on the manufacturer's site. These range from improved weight management and athletic performance to overall better health and wellness. People seem to genuinely like the taste and enjoy drinking the shake.

Price and Flavor Options

You can choose from various flavor options, including chocolate, vanilla, coconut acai, chai, and matcha. Kavacha offers a subscribe and save option for $59.95, as well as a one-time purchase for $69.95. There's also a 100% money-back guarantee, which means you can try this product completely risk-free.

Pros

• Keeps you full and curbs hunger

• Organic ingredients, including superfoods

• Various flavor options

Cons

• Pricier than other options

Fit and Lean Meal Shake

Best Gluten-Free Formula

The Fit and Lean Meal Shake is a great meal replacement shake that promotes weight loss through calorie control and thermogenesis. It contains several fat-burning ingredients that help you slim down quickly. This product also provides your body with the key nutrients it needs to keep you full and improve gut health.

Brand Overview

Fit & Lean is a health and fitness brand that focuses on helping women who want to live a healthy and active lifestyle. All of the products in their lineup aim to make sure you achieve your health and fitness goals.

Key Ingredients and Their Benefits

Each serving of the Fit and Lean Meal Shake is 150 calories and includes essential vitamins and minerals, and ingredients that boost your metabolism. This means that you will burn more calories per day without additional exercise.

Some of the proprietary blends in this product include:

• Protein Blend - This blend includes whey, pea, and milk protein isolate, as well as micellar casein and sodium caseinate.

• Fiber Blend - Flaxseed, oat fiber, and other fibers are good at keeping you fuller for longer while promoting good gut health.

• Fat-Burning Blend - Last but not least, the powerful fat-burning blend includes ingredients like coffee bean extract and green tea extract to promote thermogenesis and fat oxidation.

Effectiveness Based on User Reviews

Users of this product have nothing but good things to say. Many past users talk about how wonderful the product tasted and rave about how it kept them full and satisfied all day, which helped them lose weight.

Price and Flavor Options

This meal replacement shake comes in 6 delicious dessert flavors: vanilla ice cream, chocolate milkshake, cookies and cream, strawberry shortcake, chocolate peanut butter pie, and coffee crumb cake.

As for buying options, it is only available as a one-time purchase for $41.99. However, the site usually has regular promotions. So, be sure to take advantage of these promos to save when purchasing the product.

Pros

• Meal replacement and fat-burning shake in one

• Includes ingredients that support thermogenesis

• Tons of delicious dessert flavors

Cons

• No subscribe and save option

Vega One Organic

Best Vegan Meal Replacement Shake

Vega One Organic Shake is the best vegan meal replacement shake out there. It can help you lose weight and improve your quality of life. This vegan meal replacement formula gives you enough protein and micronutrients to keep you full while restricting your caloric intake. Your body will get all the nutrition it needs to thrive while also reaching your weight loss goals.

Brand Overview

Vega is one of the most trusted names out there for vegan nutrition. They offer a wide range of protein powders, bars, snacks, and meal replacement options. Vega states that "you shouldn't have to choose between clean plant-based nutrition and on-the-go convenience. That's why the company creates products that achieve both.

Key Ingredients and Their Benefits

The Vega One shake only contains 150 calories per serving, yet it includes all the ingredients you need to feel and be your best.

• Pea Protein - This protein comes from yellow split peas and has various weight loss benefits. It may help to increase your metabolism and suppress your appetite. It may also be able to control blood sugar levels.

• Canadian Flaxseed - This source of omega-3 fatty acid can also control glucose levels, which can affect hunger cravings. It is also a good source of fiber which is known to keep you feeling fuller for longer.

• Sacha Inchi - These seeds are a rich source of protein. They contain high levels of omega-3, 6, and 9. Vitamin E and A, as well as dietary fiber, can also be found in these seeds.

Effectiveness Based on User Reviews

Customers are quite happy with the Vega One Organic Shake. Some like that it is available in different sizes, while others like the fact that it mixes well with liquids and can even be used in pancake and muffin baking mixtures.

Price and Flavor Options

When it comes to flavor options, you don't have to worry. This Vega One Organic Protein is available in berry, mocha, french vanilla, chocolate mint, coconut almond chocolate, and unsweetened flavor options. You can also get it in different sizes. It comes in a 10-pack tube, small tub, large tub, or xl tub, with prices ranging from $39.49 to $118.79.

Pros

• 100% vegan protein

• Low calories per serving

• Has a complete amino acid profile

Cons

• Not a meal replacement

Exante Diet Meal Shakes

Best for Dairy and Non-Dairy Options

The Exante Meal Shakes are high-quality meal replacement drinks that are a convenient and easy snack alternative. Some of these shakes are less than 120 calories, making them ideal for those on a weight loss journey.

Brand Overview

Exante is based in the UK and strives to help people find the weight loss and lifestyle solutions they need to live healthy and happy lives.

Key Ingredients and Their Benefits

Exante Meal Shakes include a wide range of ingredients that can help you lose weight. These include:

• Slendesta - This is a protein that is extracted from potatoes. It can reduce feelings of hunger and promote satiety.

• Whey Protein Concentrate and Isolate - Whey protein is great if you want to reduce fat consumption. It can also prove beneficial for weight loss over time.

• Inulin - This is a type of prebiotic that helps certain good bacteria to grow. It can help to reduce fat levels in the liver and muscles.

Effectiveness Based on User Reviews

Exante's meal replacement shakes received fairly good reviews from past users. They are even endorsed by the National Health Service in the UK for patients in diabetes and obesity prevention programs.

Price and Flavor Options

These shakes come in a variety of flavors like strawberry, mocha, cookies and cream, tropical mango crush, and more. The official website often has sales and promotions that allow you to grab your preferred meal replacement shakes at reasonable prices. You can purchase seven servings for $14.99 or get a sample size for less.

Pros

• It can reduce hunger and promote satiety

• Dairy and non-dairy options

• Wide range of flavors to choose from

Cons

• Not all products are vegan friendly

Different Types of Meal Replacement Shakes

Meal replacement shakes are quite popular for weight loss. They provide a convenient and easy way to control calorie intake while giving you all the necessary vitamins and nutrients you need. However, there are a few different types of drink meal replacement shakes. They include:

Whey-Based Shakes

Whey protein is derived from milk. It is rich in essential amino acids and has been shown to increase feelings of fullness and reduce your appetite. This makes this type of meal shake perfect for losing weight. One study found that subjects who consumed whey protein as a meal replacement lost more body fat and preserved more lean muscle mass than subjects who didn't.

Plant-Based Shakes

Plant-based shakes are best if you're following a vegetarian or vegan diet. They usually include ingredients like plant-based protein from peas, soy, and other plants. A study by Biomed Research International found that people following a low-fat, plant-based diet supplemented with meal replacements had significant reductions in body fat, visceral fat, and total body weight.

High-Protein Shakes

High-protein shakes are high in protein. So, if you're looking to increase your protein intake, these shakes are the perfect choice for you. Protein can promote satiety, reduce appetite, and increase muscle mass. It was found that protein-rich and low-glycemic diets can lead to successful weight loss.

Low-Carb Shakes

Low-carb shakes are best if you follow a low-carbohydrate diet like the ketogenic diet. One study shows that there were higher levels of weight loss in participants on a low-carbohydrate diet compared to those on a low-fat diet.

Choosing the Right Meal Replacement Shake for You

When it comes to choosing a mail replacement shake for weight loss, there are several important factors to consider, such as:

Nutritional Profile and Macronutrient Balance

One of the most important things to consider when choosing a meal replacement shake is its nutritional profile and micronutrient balance. You want to choose a shake that not only supports your weight loss goals but also provides essential nutrients for optimal health. A high-quality meal replacement shake has a balanced distribution of macronutrients: proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. It should also contain essential vitamins, minerals, and other micronutrients to fill any gaps that may arise from replacing a traditional meal with a shake.

Calorie Content and Weight Loss Goals

It's also important to consider whether the calorie content of the shake aligns with your weight loss goals. If you are trying to shed weight, then you will need to create a calorie deficit by consuming fewer calories than you burn each day. Look for meal replacement shakes with a lower calorie count that supports weight loss.

Taste and Texture

If you are going to be consuming meal replacement shakes regularly, then you need something that is going to taste good and mix well. Luckily, many meal placement shakes come in a variety of flavors and textures. For example, some shakes are thicker and creamier, while others are more watery and smooth. If you're having a hard time deciding on the flavor, you can look at reviews to see what other customers prefer.

Budget and Cost

Meal replacement shakes can vary in price. Before you purchase a shake, consider your budget and how much you are willing to spend. Keep in mind that some meal replacement shakes may require you to buy additional supplements or ingredients, which can add up. It's also important to check the serving size and the number of servings per container to get an idea of the cost per serving. However, sometimes the most expensive options do not mean the shake is healthier or of higher quality. Always read the label and ingredient list carefully when purchasing a shake for weight loss. 

Brand Reputation and Customer Reviews

Finally, you should consider the brand's reputation and customer reviews when choosing a meal replacement shake. Take the time to research the company and read past customer reviews. Look for a company that has a good reputation for producing high-quality and effective products that customers love. Additionally, reviews from other users can give you a sense of the overall effectiveness and quality of the shake.

What Are the Key Ingredients in Meal Replacement Shakes

Meal replacement shakes include key ingredients that can help you lose weight.

Protein Sources

The protein source within a meal replacement shake can come from various sources, such as whey, soy, pea, and casein. Studies have shown that a high protein intake can lead to greater weight loss and improved body composition. 

Carbohydrate Sources

Carbohydrates are an important source of energy. They provide fuel for the body during exercise. Many meal replacement shakes contain a mix of complex and simple carbohydrates. The type and amount of carbohydrates in the shake can affect the outcome of your weight loss journey. A low carbohydrate diet has been found to result in greater weight loss. This is why it is always important to pay attention to the carbohydrate content in the shake.

Fiber Content

Fiber is important for your digestive health. It can also keep you feeling fuller for longer, with studies showing that dietary fiber is associated with weight loss. Replacement meal shakes often contain soluble and insoluble fiber from sources like psyllium, inulin, and oat bran.

Healthy Fats

Healthy fats like monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats can improve heart health and promote satiety. Meal replacement shakes may include healthy fats from sources like flaxseeds and chia seeds.

Vitamins and Minerals

Most meal replacement shakes contain a blend of vitamins and minerals that your body needs to work and function at its best. They may also play a role in supporting your weight loss goals and overall health. For example, a study found that supplementing Vitamin D in your diet can help with weight loss.

How Meal Replacement Shakes Work

Meal replacement shakes are multi-faceted powerhouses when it comes to weight loss, working in various ways to help you achieve your desired results.

Calorie and Nutrient Control

Many meal replacement shakes are designed to be low in calories while ensuring that you get a balanced mix of macronutrients and micronutrients. By replacing one or two meals per day with a shake, you can control your caloric intake and get the nutrients you need.

Satiety and Hunger Suppression

Protein, fiber, and healthy fats are some of the most common ingredients you'll find in meal replacement shakes. They all play a crucial role in providing satiety, suppressing hunger, and supporting overall health.

Convenience and Time-Saving

Preparing a healthy meal can take a lot of time and effort. Meal replacement shakes offer a hassle-free, convenient solution that fits into your busy lifestyle. They eliminate the need for planning and prepping elaborate meals, saving you valuable time and energy.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can Meal Replacement Shakes Be Used for Long-Term Weight Loss?

Yes, meal replacement shakes can be used for long-term weight loss. However, they should not be your only source of nutrition. You must incorporate a variety of whole foods and traditional healthy meals to lose weight effectively.

Are Meal Replacement Shakes Healthy for Weight Loss?

Yes, meal replacement shakes are a healthy option for weight loss when combined with a balanced and healthy diet of whole foods and regular exercise. It's important to choose a high-quality shake that has a good balance of macro and micronutrients. This will help to support your weight loss goals.

Can Meal Replacement Shakes Replace All Meals?

No, meal replacement shakes should not be used to replace all meals. While they are a convenient and healthy option if you have a busy life, you need to eat whole foods as well.

Will I Feel Hungry If I Use Meal Replacement Shakes?

Meal replacement shakes are designed to keep you feeling full for a longer period. They typically include ingredients that reduce hunger and increase satiety. However, experiences may vary depending on your age, weight, and other factors.

Are Meal Replacement Shakes Safe for People With Dietary Restrictions or Allergies?

Meal replacement shakes are considered safe for most people. Many are soy, gluten, and dairy free. However, if you have dietary restrictions or allergies, always read the ingredient list and consult your doctor before trying a new shake.

Conclusion

Meal replacement shakes and powders are a great way to fill nutritional gaps, support an active lifestyle, and help you lose weight. By incorporating meal replacement shakes into your weight loss plan, you can ensure that you have a nutritious option readily available when life gets busy. However, these shakes are not intended to replace all meals and work best when used in combination with a balanced and sustainable diet for long-term weight loss.

References 

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Khalesi S, Irwin C, Sun J, et al. Flaxseed consumption may reduce blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. J Nutr. 2015;145(4):758-765. doi:10.3945/jn.114.205302

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